A New U.N. Report Reveals More Than Sixty Countries Complicit In Israel’s Genocide In Gaza

A United Nations report has accused several Western and regional powers of enabling Israel’s genocide in Gaza through continued trade, military cooperation, and diplomatic actions that violate international law.

The report, titled “Gaza Genocide: a collective crime,” was presented to the U.N. General Assembly by Francesca Albanese, the special rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Palestinian territories occupied since 1967. It concludes that the destruction of Gaza constitutes a “collective international crime” sustained by the complicity of third states that provided Israel with weapons, intelligence, diplomatic cover and economic partnerships despite mounting evidence of genocide.

“The ongoing genocide in Gaza is a collective crime, sustained by the complicity of influential Third States that have enabled longstanding systemic violations of international law by Israel,” the report states. It warns that global peace and security now rest “on a knife-edge between the collapse of international law and hope for renewal.”

Israel's Genocide in Gaza Impossible Without Global Complicity

The draft report found that it would have been impossible for Israel to sustain its full-prolonged assault on Gaza without the support of the mostly western countries, through military support, trade, and more.

It categorized the support into four main categories: military, economic, humanitarian and diplomatic.

The U.S. and Europe make up most of the states outlined in the draft report, which Albanese plans to present to the U.N. from South Africa. South Africa — one of Israel’s largest suppliers of coal — is also referenced in the report, as well as several Arab states which she says failed to take “decisive action” to stop the genocide.

No ‘Decisive Action’ From Arab States 

While Albanese noted that Arab and Muslim states support the Palestinian cause, they failed to take “decisive action” and some regional players “facilitated land routes to Israel, bypassing the Red Sea,” as Egypt continued to maintain relations with Israel, including energy cooperation and closing the Rafah crossing.

Arab countries, such as the UAE, Egypt, Jordan and Morocco increased their trade with Israel during the genocide. 

While Turkey is listed among seven countries that have downgraded diplomatic ties with Israel since October 2023, the report says Ankara’s actions have not matched its rhetoric. It cites trade data showing continued oil shipments and trans-shipments from Turkish ports to Israel through intermediaries despite an official trade suspension announced in May 2024.

Unconditional Military Support to Israel

Albanese wrote that Israel is “disproportionally dependent” on military imports, and singled out the U.S., Germany, and Italy as its biggest suppliers throughout its genocide in Gaza. 

The U.S. currently guarantees $3.3bn per year in Foreign Military Financing (FMF) and, until 2028, an additional $500m per year for missile defense. The “aid” was boosted by hundreds of consignments of munitions, weapons, and military assets.

She highlighted the key role that the U.K. has played in military cooperation with Israel and reported on more than 600 surveillance flights over Gaza through its bases in Cyprus, which she said suggests “cooperation in the destruction of Gaza.”

Besides, Albanese said 26 states sent at least 10 consignments of “arms and ammunition” – the most frequent being China, India, Italy, Austria, Spain, Czechia, Romania, and France. 

She said 19 countries, 17 of which have ratified the Arms Trade Treaty, were complicit in supplying components and parts for the “F-35 stealth strike fighter programme” that was key to the military assault in Gaza. These include Australia, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, South Korea, Romania, Singapore, Switzerland, the U.K., and the U.S. 

While the Arms Trade Treaty does not recognize a distinction between “defensive” or “non-lethal” arms sales, some countries use these terms to justify arms trade with Israel. Some countries, such as Italy, the Netherlands, Ireland, France, and Morocco, permit the transfer of weapons through their ports and airports. These transfers violate the Arms Trade Treaty given the regime’s ongoing occupation and assaults on civilians, she lamented. While other states continued to buy weapons and military technology produced by Israel, which the report says has been tested on Palestinians under occupation. 

Exports to the E.U. more than doubled during Israel’s war on Gaza and accounted for 54 percent of Israeli military exports in 2024, while exports to Asia and the Pacific and Arab countries under the Abraham Accords made up 23 and 12 percent of exports, respectively.

Moreover, European research programs have also poured billions into Israeli institutions, often funding technology with direct military applications, the report outlined.

From Occupation Economy to Genocide Economy

The report emphasized that the states’ maintenance of normal trade relations with Israel “legitimizes and sustains the Israeli apartheid regime.”

While Israel’s international trade in goods and services decreased from 61 percent of its GDP in 2022 to 54 percent in 2024, Albanese noted the European Union (Israel’s largest trading partner) continued to provide almost a third of total trade to Israel for the last two years.

Despite the ongoing genocide, trade with the regime increased in 2024, with Germany (+$836 million), Poland (+$237 million), Greece (+$186 million), and even Arab states like the UAE (+$237 million) and Egypt (+$199 million) fueling the regime’s aggression.

Suspending Humanitarian Aid to Gaza

Albanese said that before the October 7, 2023, Hamas attacks, most Palestinians were dependent on aid, with the United Nations relief and Works Agency for Palestine refugees (UNRWA) providing the bedrock of that aid.

Albanese pointed out that when Israel alleged UNRWA staff were involved in the Hamas attacks without citing evidence, 18 states immediately suspended funding without investigating Israel’s claims. Despite inconclusive investigations, most donors took months to resume contributions to UNRWA. The U.S., its largest donor, passed a law prohibiting U.S. funding to UNRWA. When the Israeli Knesset outlawed UNRWA, only a few states took action by seeking an ICJ Advisory Opinion.

Moreover, the report accuses countries like Canada, the U.K., Belgium, Denmark, and Jordan of being distracted from the key issue by parachuting aid in, a move she says was both dangerous and ineffective.

Diplomatic Support for Israel: How Western Powers Blocked Gaza Ceasefires

The U.N. Security Council’s resolutions demanding ceasefires have been vetoed or diluted, while the regime’s military barbarity has been framed as “legitimate self-defense,” the official said.

She added that the U.S. has used its veto power to block ceasefire proposals seven times at the U.N. Security Council, “providing diplomatic cover for the Israeli genocide.”

Furthermore, the U.S. and other Western countries have failed to act on arrest warrants for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and other officials issued by the ICC.

Genocide As A Colonial Erasure

The report follows growing legal findings of Israeli genocide in Gaza. Since October 2023, U.N. experts, rights groups and courts have warned that Israel’s siege, bombardment and forced displacement of Palestinians in Gaza meet the definition of genocide.

The special rapporteur concludes that without foreign support “the prolonged unlawful Israeli occupation, which has now escalated into a full-fledged genocide, could not have been sustained.” Her report calls the situation “a live-streamed atrocity” that exposes “an unprecedented chasm between peoples and their governments.”

“Legal obligations are clear,” Albanese said.  “States must prevent further harm, suspend enabling support, prosecute perpetrators, and ensure reparations and reconstruction. Without this, international law is hollow, and Palestinians are left to suffer,” she added.

Albanese, who has been one of the most vocal and forceful critics of Israel’s conduct in Gaza throughout its two-year genocide, has been targeted by an Israeli campaign followed her June 30 report titled “From Economy of Occupation to Economy of Genocide,” which accuses over 60 multinational corporations of enabling crimes against Palestinians. These companies supply Israel with equipment and services used to destroy Gaza, violate human rights, and expand settlements in the West Bank.

Albanese’s report calls on third party states to display the same legal and moral obligation against any state still perpetrating settler-colonial violence and apartheid.

“Their failure to hold Israel accountable for its long-standing international crimes – despite clear orders from international courts – exposes the flagrant double standards of the international community,” the report notes.

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