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As October 31 passed, people had already carved their pumpkins, chosen their costumes, and filled their houses with candy, sweets, and chocolates for a night full of frights and fun. But have you ever wondered how Halloween has changed throughout the years, who were the first to mark this day, and why people celebrate it the way they do today What Is Halloween Halloween is celebrated annually on October 31, according to Britannica. This event dates back to the marking of Allhallowtide, an old Christian ceremony to remember the dead. In early Christianity, it used to be called the period of three days, which begins with All Hallows Eve October 31, followed by All Hallows or All Saints Day November 1, and All Souls Day November 2. Is Halloween Linked to the Samhain Festival Britannica further mentions that Halloween is also linked to a holiday that originated from the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain, which was observed to mark the end of summer and harvest, and the beginning of winter. The Celts believed that on this day, the wall between the living and the dead was broken. To celebrate, people lit bonfires, wore different costumes, and left food out to appease spirits. As years passed, the Christian holidays blended with old Samhain traditions, adding new touches over time to become what is known today as Halloween. What Are Halloween Traditions Halloweens most recognized traditions include peopleespecially childrendressing in costumes, going trickortreating to collect candy, decorating their homes with spooky themes and pumpkins, and attending events or parties. Why Do People Wear Costumes According to old beliefs, the custom of wearing costumes originated as a way for people to disguise themselves from wandering spirits. However, today it has become a fun tradition to scare friends and family, Britannica reported. Why Do People Carve Pumpkins on Halloween According to History Hit, the origin of pumpkin carving and turning them into spooky lanterns comes from the Irish legend of Stingy Jack or Jack OLantern, a man who tricked the devil and was banned from entering heaven or hell, condemned to roam the earth with only a carved turnip to light his way. When Irish immigrants came to America, they used pumpkins insteadlarger and easier to carvegiving rise to the Jack OLantern we know today. It is worth noting that in Ireland and Scotland, people used to carve vegetables, typically turnips, depicting faces on their doorsteps to frighten this spirit away. What Is the History Behind TrickorTreating According to the History website, the trickortreating ritual dates back to the Middle Ages, especially in Britain and Ireland, when people practiced something called souling. On the eve of All Souls Day November 2, poorer people would go from house to house offering prayers for the dead in exchange for food or cakes. The phrase trick or treat is believed to have become widely used in the early 20th century in North America, when children began demanding treatsor else threatening to play a trick. Is Halloween Marked Globally Halloween is observed in many countries worldwide, including the U.S., Canada, and parts of Europe. However, in Mexico and Latin America, Halloween coincides with the Día de los Muertos Day of the Dead celebration, during which people remember deceased family members and loved ones. Which Animals Are Associated With Halloween Two animals are believed to be strongly linked to Halloween celebrations: black cats and bats. But how Black cats are associated with Halloween due to old myths claiming that they are witches or the Devil in disguise, bringing bad luck if they cross someones pathan idea that spread to North America, giving black cats their spooky reputation and linking them to evil spirits. However, in other cultures such as ancient Egypt, Scotland, and Japan, black cats are seen as symbols of good luck, Britannica mentioned. On the other hand, ancient European folklore links bats with witches and the Devil. People in earlier times believed bats were messengers of witches and the Devil and harbingers of death. Bats were often regarded as a bad omen, with some tales claiming that a bat circling a house three times meant someone might die there. Is It Haram for Muslims to Celebrate Halloween Many Islamic scholars discourage the celebration of Halloween, saying that it is considered forbidden because of its historical connections to the Celtic festival and its association with spirits, witchcraft, and satanic practices, Islam QA reported. Read More What Makes the Grand Egyptian Museum Unique What Are the Rituals of Diwali, the Festival of Lights What Are the Secrets of the Louvre Museum

The Grand Egyptian Museum GEM also known as the Giza Museum is Egypts most ambitious cultural project, located about 2 km from the Giza Pyramids. The Grand Egyptian Museum, which has been operating in a softopening mode since October 2024, will officially open on November 1, 2025, in a historic event that will be attended by important guests and leaders, according to Egypt Independent. The opening ceremony will run from November 1 to 3, but the museum is set to open to the public on November 4. Who Designed the Grand Egyptian Museum The Grand Egyptian Museum was designed by the Irish company Heneghan Peng Architects, with structural engineering headed by Arup and services engineering by Buro Happold. The landscape design was planned by West 8, and the exhibitionmuseology work was done by Atelier Brückner, the Grand Egyptian Museums official website detailed. How Much Did the Grand Egyptian Museum Cost The Grand Egyptian Museums total construction cost reached around 1.4 billion, the Financial Times reported. The report revealed that the cost includes a 750 million concessional loan from the Japanese government. Is the Grand Egyptian Museum the Biggest Globally The Grand Egyptian Museum is the largest museum dedicated to one civilization in the world. It spans 500,000 square metersroughly the size of 70 soccer fieldsmaking it the largest archaeological museum in the world, according to the Grand Egyptian Museums official website. Who Will Attend the Grand Egyptian Museum Opening Prominent Egyptian archaeologist Zahi Hawass said that he believes at least 60 kings, presidents, and prime ministers will attend the official opening ceremony of the Grand Egyptian Museum. What Are the Grand Egyptian Museums Collections and Highlights According to the official website, the Grand Egyptian Museum contains major collections, including: Tutankhamun Gallery: For the first time, the entire collection of King Tutankhamun will be displayed together since the tombs discovery in 1922. Ramses II Statue: An 83ton statue of Ramses II, the second pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt, is placed inside the GEM. Grand Staircase: A monumental staircase contains a number of colossal statues of pharaohs and deities ascending toward the pyramid skyline. Twelve Permanent Galleries: The galleries display prehistoric Egypt through the GrecoRoman period, with over 100,000 artifacts. What Are the Opening Hours of the Grand Egyptian Museum Opening hours of the Grand Egyptian Museum, starting November 4, 2025, are as follows: Daily except Saturdays and Wednesdays: GEM Complex: 8:30 a.m. 7 p.m. Galleries: 9 a.m. 6 p.m. Last ticket purchase: 5 p.m. Saturdays and Wednesdays: GEM Complex: 8:30 a.m. 10 p.m. Galleries: 9 a.m. 9 p.m. Last ticket purchase: 8 p.m. Is the Grand Egyptian Museum Open During Public Holidays Yes, the Grand Egyptian Museum is open on most public holidays; however, opening hours may differ during national holidays, so make sure to check the official website before going. How Much Is the Grand Egyptian Museums Ticket There are two ticket options available on the official website of the Grand Egyptian Museum: Grand Egyptian Museums 39 ticket: This ticket is the most expensive, and it includes: Skiptheline entry to the Grand Egyptian Museum Access to 12 galleries Guided tour in English or Arabic based on the selected option GEM Discovery Challenge based on the selected option However, these tickets cannot be canceled or rescheduled. Grand Egyptian Museums 15 ticket: This ticket includes skiptheline entry to the Egyptian Museum of Antiquities but excludes: Entry to the Royal Mummy Room available for purchase onsite Guided tour Transportation to and from the museum Food, drinks, and personal expenses These tickets cannot be canceled or rescheduled. Is the Grand Egyptian Museum Bigger Than the Louvre Museum Yes, the Grand Egyptian Museum is bigger than the Louvre Museum in Paris, France. GEM is twice the size of the Louvre and two and a half times the size of the British Museum. The Grand Egyptian Museum covers about 500,000 square meters, while the Louvre Museum covers an area of 360,000 square meters, as mentioned on the Guinness World Records website. How Many Museums Are in Egypt Egypt has 72 museums built across 19 governorates. They include several types of collections, such as archaeological, regional, and those dedicated to specific themes like art, civilization, and military history. What Are the Most Famous Egyptian Museums According to the Egyptian Tour Portal, here are the top museums in Egypt: Grand Egyptian Museum Construction began in 2005 in Giza Tickets start from 15 The National Museum of Egyptian Civilization Opened in 2021 in Cairo Tickets 18 Luxor Museum Opened in 1975 in Luxor City Tickets 13 The Egyptian Museum Launched in 1835 in Cairo Tickets 11.50 Egypts Museum of Islamic Art Opened in 1903 in Cairo Tickets 11 Read More Who Deserves a Nobel Prize What Are the Rituals of Diwali, the Festival of Lights What Is Autumn Depression Syndrome

Billions of people worldwide are preparing and decorating their homes in anticipation of celebrating one of the most important holidays Diwali, also known as Deepavali or Deepawali, according to the BBC. Diwali, the Hindu festival of lights, is one of the main and biggest celebrations in India. It is also celebrated by other religions in the country, including Jainism and Sikhism. What Does Diwali Stand For Diwali, or the festival of lights, symbolizes the spiritual victory of Dharma over Adharma, light over darkness, good over evil, and knowledge over ignorance. The story is believed to date back to ancient times of a great warrior prince called Rama symbolizing the god Vishnu married to a princess called Sita representing the goddess Lakshmi who was kidnapped by the demon king Ravana, who was said to have ten heads and twenty arms. Rama fights a huge battle against the demon king and succeeds in rescuing his princess. When Rama and Sita returned home at night, people in their village were waiting for them while holding lamps to guide them home, and thats why it is called the festival of lights or Diwali. What Does the Word Diwali Mean Diwali means rows of lighted lamps, the BBC mentioned. Who Celebrates Diwali More than a billion Hindus, Sikhs, Jains, and Buddhists around the world celebrate Diwali, the festival of lights, CNN reported. It is also observed in other countries outside India, including Nepal, Malaysia, Fiji, and countries with large South Asian diasporas, such as the UAE. When Is Diwali Marked There is no fixed date to mark Diwali, but it is always celebrated somewhere between October and November; however, the exact date varies from year to year, considering that the Hindu calendar is based on the Moon. In 2025, the festival of lights will be observed on Monday, October 20. How Many Days Are the Diwali Holiday Diwali is marked for five days, each representing a certain aspect in the following order: Dhanteras, Choti Diwali [Naraka Chaturdashi], Diwali [Lakshmi Puja], Padwa [Govardhan Puja], and Bhai Dooj. First Day of Diwali: During Dhanteras, people buy gold or silver jewelry, utensils, and other new household items with the hope of bringing good luck. Some spend the day cleaning. Second Day of Diwali: On Choti Diwali [Naraka Chaturdashi], Hindus get up early to take showers and wash their hair, according to CNN. They further decorate their houses with rangolis and diyas and prepare sweets. Third Day of Diwali: Diwali [Lakshmi Puja] marks the main day of Diwali, according to Hindus, who celebrate by having feasts with their loved ones and families, spending the day exchanging gifts and eating sweets. Fourth Day of Diwali: During Diwalis Padwa [Govardhan Puja] day, which honors the relationship between husband and wife, men usually buy gifts for their wives, CNN further explained. Last Day of Diwali: When Bhai Dooj comes, it means the end of Diwali, marking love between siblings, in honor of the special connection between Lord Yama and his sister Yami or Yamuna. What Decorations Do People Add CNN mentioned that before Diwali, people decorate their homes, centers, shops, and everywhere else with diyas, small oil lamps made from clay. How Is the Festival of Lights Observed Diwali can be marked in various ways, including cleaning houses and places, exchanging gifts with family members or friends, purchasing new clothes, and cooking festive meals. All this is in addition to the lamps and fancy light decorations inside and outside. Moreover, massive fireworks shows are conducted during the festival of lights. On the other hand, some Indians usually play gambling card games such as teen patti, blackjack, and poker, CNN reported. For some, gambling during Diwali is auspicious and represents a legend in which the god Shiva and his spouse Parvati used to play a dice game. In other celebrations, some businessmen, traders, and shopkeepers open new account books, since Diwali marks the start of the new Hindu financial year. What Traditional Meals Are Cooked on Diwali Main festive dishes on Diwali include: Pulao or Biryani: Fragrant rice cooked with vegetables, nuts, and spices. Paneer Dishes: Favorites like Shahi Paneer, Paneer Butter Masala, or Palak Paneer. Poori Paratha: Fried or panroasted Indian bread served with rich gravies. Chole Rajma: Spicy chickpea or kidney bean curry comforting and festive. What Sweets Are Made on Diwali According to Indian Healthy Recipe, there are plenty of sweets found at feasts during the Diwali festival, but here are some of the most traditional ones: Ladoo Laddu Halwa Kalakand Rasgulla Rasmalai Chum chum Sandesh Read More What Are the Secrets of the Louvre Museum What Are the Different Types of Coffee What Is a Lunar Eclipse

There is no doubt that the Louvre Museum is a mustvisit destination for anyone who lands in the French capital, Paris. The worlds largest art museum hosts more than 380,000 objects, with about 35,000 artworks. On October 19, the Louvre Museum, which was once a royal palace, witnessed the robbery of the century after four thieves stole eight priceless pieces of jewelry in broad daylight, according to the BBC. The museum was closed and will remain closed on October 20. Frances Interior Minister Laurent Nunez announced that the country will enhance security outside the Louvre Museum, AFP reported. What Was Robbed from the Louvre Museum The BBC reported, citing Frances Ministry of Culture, that thieves stole the following: A tiara and brooch belonging to Empress Eugénie, wife of Napoleon III A brooch known as the reliquary brooch An emerald necklace and a pair of emerald earrings from Empress Marie Louise A tiara, necklace, and single earring from the sapphire set that belonged to Queen Marie Amélie and Queen Hortense How Many Times Was the Louvre Museum Robbed Although the exact number of times the Louvre Museum was robbed cannot be definitively known, National Geographic highlighted the major historical heists of the iconic Parisian museum: Mona Lisa heist: In 1911, the worlds most famous painting, the Mona Lisa, crafted by artist Leonardo da Vinci, was stolen by an Italian immigrant named Vincenzo Peruggia. Paintings and Roman jewelry heist: In 1990, several robbers stole a small Renoir painting from the Louvre in broad daylight, in addition to 12 other pieces of ancient Roman jewelry and a few other paintings. Camille Corot painting heist: In 1998, a Camille Corot painting was removed from its frame and disappeared. Until this moment, it has not been recovered. The 2025 jewelry heist: On October 19, 2025, between 09:30 and 09:40 a.m. local time, eight pieces of jewelry were stolen from inside the museum when thieves entered via a construction vehicle with a long ladder, smashed the windows in the Galerie dApollon, and stole pieces of the French crown jewels. How Many Departments Are in the Louvre Museum According to the official website, the Louvre Museum is divided into nine curatorial departments: Egyptian Antiquities Near Eastern Antiquities Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Antiquities Paintings Sculptures Decorative Arts Prints and Drawings Islamic Art Byzantine and Eastern Christian Art What Are the Louvre Museums Most Famous Artworks Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci Venus de Milo ancient Greek statue Winged Victory of Samothrace Hellenistic sculpture Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix The Coronation of Napoleon by JacquesLouis David What Makes the Mona Lisa a Masterpiece First, it is worth noting that the Mona Lisa represents a portrait of Lisa Gherardini, wife of the Florentine silk merchant Francesco del Giocondo, and was crafted by the hand of the great Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci. What makes this painting the most famous globally is the positioning of the young womans eyes and her enigmatic smile. Some Louvre Museum visitors have said that the Mona Lisa seems to watch them no matter where they are standing, according to PBS. Leonardo worked on this special piece for 14 years, from 1503, and it was finished in 1517. What Is the Oldest Item in the Louvre According to the Louvre website, the 9,000yearold Ain Ghazal statue is the oldest piece inside the museum, and it dates back to about 7,000 BC. It is owned by Jordans Department of Antiquities but is on longterm loan to the Louvre and therefore displayed with the permanent collections, the Louvre Museum pointed out. Where Is the Ain Ghazal Statue Located The statue is located in Room 303, Sully Wing, Level 0. How Much Is the Louvre Museum Ticket Tickets for the Louvre Museum can be purchased online, and it costs €22 for general admission for adults. Who Can Enter the Louvre for Free According to the Louvre Museum, there are times and certain cases where entry is free. For instance: People under 18 People with disabilities and the person accompanying them Art teachers Artists affiliated with the AIAP Association Internationale des Arts Plastiques Residents of the European Economic Area EEA aged under 26 Members of ICOM and ICOMOS Journalists Job seekers and residents of the European Economic Area What Are the Louvres Working Days and Hours On Monday, Thursday, Saturday, and Sunday, the Louvre Museum is open from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., while on Wednesday and Friday it is open from 9:00 a.m. until 9:00 p.m. The Louvre is closed on Tuesday. Is the Louvre Closed on Public Holidays The official website mentions that the Louvre Museum is closed on January 1, May 1, and Christmas Day December 25 each year. However, the museum remains open on all other public holidays unless they fall on a Tuesday, the museums day of closure. How Many People Visit the Louvre The Louvre Museum is the most visited museum in the world, with approximately 9 million visitors each year. The Louvre Museum stated that in 2024, it welcomed 8.7 million visitors. Meanwhile, the Parisian art center marked its highest visitor count in 2018 with 10.2 million visitors. Read More Who Deserves a Nobel Prize OpenAIs Sora 2: What to Know and What It Can Do What Is Autumn Depression Syndrome

Sora 2 is OpenAIs most recent artificial intelligence AI generator. It is a nextgeneration video and audio model. Since its release, people especially artists have expressed concern that the new AI generator could take over their jobs, as it creates highly realistic videos in a way that could blow your mind. OpenAI, which owns the wellknown AI chatbot ChatGPT, confirmed that Sora 2 is capable of creating short videos with synchronized sound including dialogue, ambient sounds, and effects not just silent motion in a more realistic way, according to OpenAIs official website. OpenAI stated that Sora 2 can perform tasks that are extremely difficult and, in some cases, outright impossible for previous video generation models, such as Olympic gymnastics routines, backflips on a paddleboard, and triple axels while a cat holds on for dear life. What Is Sora Sora is OpenAIs generative AI model that can convert text prompts into short video clips. What Is Cameo in Sora 2 Sora 2s Cameo allows users to upload or record themselves so that the AI model can place their likeness appearance and voice in generated scenes. How Different Is Sora 2 From Sora According to the American company, Sora 2 is very different from the first version in five major ways: Audio Sound Dialogue: In the first version of Sora, the output was silent or had a separate audio overlay. However, Sora 2 has native audio integration, including synchronized dialogue, ambient audio, and sound effects embedded in the video. Physics realism and consistency: The original OpenAI model of Sora had more idealized motions, and its prompt logic overrode physical realism, according to the TechCrunch website. Sora 2, in contrast, has more realistic interactions and less visual cheating to force the prompt. Cameos: Cameos were unavailable in the first version of Sora. However, Sora 2 allows users to upload or record themselves and insert their faces or voices. User control: OpenAI mentioned that Sora 2 allows better handling across multiple shots or scenes, more consistency, and the ability to remix or combine others generations inside the app. Limitsdurationresolution: Sora allows users to generate videos up to 20 seconds long or up to 1080p resolution and has constraints on the number of videos you can make per month especially for nonPro users. However, Sora 2 users will likely have longer durations and more flexibility, OpenAI detailed. Will Sora Replace ChatGPT CNBC reported, citing Bill Peebles, head of Sora at OpenAI, that Sora hit 1 million downloads in five days and is moving faster than ChatGPT, the famous AI chatbot that supports 800 million weekly active users. Is Sora Available to Everyone The app is only available on iOS devices and is invitebased, so people must get a code to use it. Despite these restrictions, the app topped the first spot in Apples App Store, CNBC reported. OpenAI said the Sora app will initially launch in the U.S. and Canada today, with plans to quickly expand to additional countries. How To Use Sora To create excellent, semirealistic videos, you should mumble a text describing everything you want to see in the video, including the little details. For instance, if you want a video of a dog running on the beach, it is better to specify the breed of the dog and its colors, the direction of the light, and whether the dog is surrounded by people or not. Adding all the details helps create better footage. In addition, you can use features like remix, looping, recut, and style presets. What Are Sora 2s Errors You may not call them errors, but Sora 2 prohibits generating some prompts, or you might get blocked for policy reasons for instance, if you attempt to generate violence, hate, or explicit content. How Do I Tell if a Video Was Made by Sora or AI Sora 2 videos include visible watermarks, dynamic marks, and metadata to indicate they are AIgenerated. What Is ChatGPT ChatGPT is an AI chatbot assistant that helps internet users by answering questions, conducting research, creating various types of content, assisting with learning and coding, generating ideas, translating languages, offering recommendations, and more, according to Misbar. Read More OpenAI Video App Sora 2 Raises Threats of Misinformation What You Need to Know About Geminis Nano Banana Apple Event Preview: What to Expect

The Nobel Prize is one of the worlds most prestigious international awards. It is awarded annually to individuals or organizations that have made outstanding contributions in specific fields, including medicine, physics, and literature. The Nobel Prize was named after its founder, Alfred Nobel, and is presented each year in October. Who Is Alfred Nobel Alfred Nobel is a Swedish inventor, entrepreneur, and businessman. When he died on December 10, 1896, his will stated that his fortune should be used to reward those who, during the preceding year, shall have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind, according to the Nobel Prize official website. What Are the Nobel Prize Categories The Nobel Prize is not limited to one category; however, it is divided into six fields: Physics Chemistry Physiology or Medicine Literature Peace Economic Sciences this was added in 1969 When Was the First Nobel Prize Awarded The first time the Nobel Prize was awarded was in 1901, according to the official website of the Nobel Prize. Who Won the FirstEver Nobel Prize The firstever Nobel Prizes were awarded in 1901, five years after Alfred Nobels death. Here are the first Nobel laureates in each category: Physics Nobel Prize: The firstever Nobel Prize in Physics was granted to German scientist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen for discovering Xrays, which revolutionized medical diagnostics. Chemistry Nobel Prize: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry was given to Jacobus Henricus van t Hoff from the Netherlands. He founded modern physical chemistry and worked on chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure. Physiology or Medicine Nobel Prize: The first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Emil von Behring from Germany for developing a serum therapy against diphtheria, saving countless lives. Literature Nobel Prize: French writer Sully Prudhomme was recognized for his poetic compositions that combined both heart and intellect. Peace Nobel Prize: The Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to two people: Jean Henry Dunant from Switzerland and Frédéric Passy from France. Jean Henry Dunant was the founder of the Red Cross and initiator of the Geneva Conventions. Frédéric Passy was a leading peace activist and the founder of the first French peace society. How Many People Have Won the Nobel Prize In each category of the Nobel Prize, and since 1901, hundreds of people have received this prestigious award. According to the Nobel Prizes official report, from 1901 to 2024: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine: 116 prizes awarded to 232 laureates Nobel Prize in Literature: 117 prizes awarded to 121 laureates Nobel Peace Prize: 105 prizes awarded to 142 laureates Nobel Prize in Chemistry: 116 prizes awarded to 197 laureates Nobel Prize in Physics: 118 prizes awarded to 227 laureates Prize in Economic Sciences: 56 prizes awarded to 96 laureates fewer people have received this award, highlighting that it was added in 1969 How Are Nobel Prizes Distributed First, a nomination process takes place, where only qualified individuals or organizations are allowed to submit the name of the person they want to nominate for the Nobel Prize. Nobel Prize nominations are top secret, and the deadline for submission is January 31 of each year. After nominations are completed, each Nobel Committee one for each prize category reviews all submissions and creates a shortlist after months of evaluating the nominees work. The final decision is made by a majority vote of each awarding body. The Peace Prize is presented in Oslo, Norway, by the Norwegian Nobel Committee, while all other prizes are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden. What Are the Nobel Prize Awarding Institutions Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences selects laureates for Physics, Chemistry, and Economic Sciences Karolinska Institute selects laureates for Physiology or Medicine Swedish Academy selects laureates for Literature Norwegian Nobel Committee selects laureates for the Peace Prize What Does a Nobel Prize Winner Get The Nobel Prize is more than just a title. Winners usually receive a cash award that amounts to 11 million Swedish kronor about 1.17 million, though the amount can fluctuate based on the performance of Nobels endowment fund. In addition, Nobel Prize winners also receive an 18carat gold Nobel medal and a handinked diploma decorated by Swedish and Norwegian artists. Can a Nobel Prize Be Shared Yes, a Nobel Prize can be shared by up to three people or awarded to an organization. Can One Person Win More Than One Nobel Prize Although winning more than once is rare, a few individuals have received the Nobel Prize twice. These include PolishFrench physicist and chemist Marie Curie Physics in 1903, Chemistry in 1911 and American chemist Linus Pauling Chemistry in 1954, Peace in 1962, according to the Nobel Prize website. Is There a Nobel Prize for Mathematics There is no Nobel Prize in Mathematics, but there are other major math awards, such as the Fields Medal and the Abel Prize, according to The New York Times. Has Donald Trump Won a Nobel Prize U.S. President Donald Trump has not won any Nobel Prize. However, he has been nominated several times by individuals in the United States and politicians abroad since 2018, according to the Public Broadcasting Service PBS. He was nominated for his role in reaching the Abraham Accords peace and normalization agreements between Israel, the UAE, and Bahrain, signed in 2020 and for his visit to North Korea. In 2025, Trumps nominations for the Nobel Prize came from Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Pakistans government for his role in the Gaza and Ukraine wars. How Many Arabs Have Won the Nobel Prize A few Arabs have won the Nobel Prize, including: Anwar Sadat, President of Egypt, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1978 for the EgyptIsrael Peace Treaty. Naguib Mahfouz, Egyptian poet and writer, received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1988. Yasser Arafat, former Palestinian president, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1994 for the Oslo Accords with Israel. Read More What Is Autumn Depression Syndrome What Are the Different Types of Coffee Who Built Bagram Air Base and When

If you ever feel less happy and more depressed when summer ends, this does not mean that something is wrong with youit could be a sign of autumn depression. This condition is quite common and is linked to changes in daylight, which can affect mood, energy levels, and overall wellbeing. Autumn depression syndrome, also known as seasonal affective disorder, is a type of depression that occurs at the end of summer and during the autumn and winter months, according to the Mayo Clinic. Why Does Autumn Depression Syndrome Happen Autumn depression syndrome is a common issue that occurs when people have less exposure to sunlight than they do in the spring and summer, the National Health Service said. Doctors from the National Health Service explained that a lack of sunlight may cause a part of the brain called the hypothalamus to stop working properly, which can lead to: An increase in melatonin production, which is a hormone that raises your desire for sleep. A decrease in serotonin production. This hormone is responsible for mood, appetite, and sleep, and it is linked to feelings of depression. A disrupted internal body clock. Sunlight is important for various functions, such as helping us know when to wake up. A lack of sunlight may interfere with the bodys natural rhythm and lead to autumn depression syndrome. What Are the Symptoms of Autumn Depression Syndrome There are several symptoms that may indicate a person is experiencing autumn depression syndrome, also known as seasonal affective disorder. These symptoms include: Feelings of sadness and hopelessness Craving carbohydrates and gaining weight Sleep disturbances Tiredness or fatigue Loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities Low energy A desire to be alone or to isolate from others Difficulty concentrating How Long Does Autumn Depression Last The National Institute of Mental Health stated that symptoms of seasonal affective disorder typically last for around four to five months each year, during the autumn and winter seasons. Is There a Treatment for Autumn Depression Syndrome Yes, seasonal depression can be treated in different ways. For instance, you may improve your mood by adopting new lifestyle habits such as spending more time outdoors, engaging in physical activity, and eating a healthy diet. If there is no improvement, a person may need light therapy, psychotherapy, or antidepressant medication, according to the National Health Service. Is Winter Depression the Same as Autumn Depression Yes. The Mayo Clinic reported that autumn depression is similar to winter depression. Both are considered types of seasonal affective disorder and are named after the seasons in which they occur. Symptoms of winter depression also include an increased need for sleep, changes in appetiteespecially cravings for carbohydraterich foodsas well as weight gain, tiredness, and low energy. Is There Summer and Spring Seasonal Affective Disorder Just like in winter and autumn, seasonal affective disorder can also occur in summer and spring. Symptoms of summer depression may include: Trouble sleeping Weight loss Reduced appetite Anxiety Increased irritability How Long Do Summer and Spring Depressions Last Spring depression can last from the beginning of April until May. Summer depression, also known as reverse seasonal affective disorder, may last for several months during the summer season. Symptoms usually begin in late spring or early summer and end when autumn begins, according to the Mayo Clinic Health System. Does Country Location Affect Seasonal Affective Disorder Geographic location is associated with seasonal affective disorder. People who live farther from the equatorwhere winter daylight hours are shorterare more likely to experience seasonal depression. Is Seasonal Affective Disorder Linked With Age, and Who Is at Greater Risk Seasonal affective disorder often begins in adulthood, and the risk increases with age. It is rare in people under the age of 20, according to Johns Hopkins Medicine. Who Is at Greater Risk: Women or Men According to Johns Hopkins Medicine, women are more likely than men to experience seasonal affective disorder. Can Traveling to a Sunnier Country Help With Seasonal Affective Disorder Since a lack of sunlight can negatively affect mental health and contribute to seasonal depression, traveling to a sunnier, warmer location may help reduce symptoms. Increased sun exposure can boost the production of melatonin, serotonin, and vitamin D, which may improve mood and reduce signs of depression. Read More How To Detect Breast Cancer Early World Heart Day: Why Heart Health Matters More Than Ever What Are FleshEating Screwworms

Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world, as it is more than just a drink; it holds deep cultural, social, and economic significance. To all caffeine addicts, coffee is not just a daily drink it is a daily routine, an energy boost, and, for many, a love language. To appreciate the importance of this drink, October 1 was designated as International Coffee Day, according to the official International Coffee Day website. On International Coffee Day, people celebrate the magic inside every cup from the first morning sip to the cozy conversations at night. When Was Coffee First Discovered One of the most circulated legends states that coffee was first discovered in Ethiopia in the region of Kaffa around 850 CE by a goat herder named Kaldi, according to Britannica. Around 850 CE, Kaldi was said to have tried the berries of the evergreen bush on which the goats were feeding. He enjoyed them and proclaimed his discovery. What Is the History of Coffee and How Did It Spread Around the 15th century, coffee plants were believed to have been transported across the Red Sea to Yemen. According to the available details, Sufi monks in Yemen were among the first to brew coffee as a beverage, using its stimulating effect to stay awake through the night, Britannica added. After Yemen, coffee emerged in Saudi Arabia, and the drink became a daily routine throughout the Arab world and its neighboring countries. Coffeehouses back then were called qahveh khanehs, and the first shops were likely opened in Mecca in the 15th century. Later, coffeehouse culture was adopted in Constantinople now Istanbul in the 16th century. What Are the Main Types of Coffee Beans According to Nescafé Global, there are four different types of coffee beans: Robusta Arabica Liberica Excelsa However, Arabica coffee beans are the most popular type. They originate in Ethiopia and are believed to be the firstever coffee beans consumed. Arabica is mainly grown and exported from Brazil. Robusta coffee beans are the second most consumed coffee variety in the world. What Is the Difference Between Arabica and Robusta The Arabica type has a sweet, delicate, and light flavor. The beans are known for being smooth and having a distinct lack of bitterness. On the other hand, Robusta is known for its stronger and sharper taste. It can also be much more bitter than other types. The bean also has a strong smell that makes it more easily recognizable than other coffee bean types. Which Countries Produce Coffee Arabica coffee beans are mainly cultivated in Latin America, Eastern Africa, Asia, and Arabia, according to Nescafé Global. Meanwhile, Robusta coffee, which is more resilient and easier to grow, is cultivated in Western and Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and Brazil at lower altitudes. In 2023, the top coffeeproducing countries were Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia, Indonesia, and Ethiopia. Why Is International Coffee Day Celebrated An international day was established to honor coffee as a global beverage, to appreciate the hard work of farmers who grow and harvest it, and to raise awareness about sustainable coffee production. The International Coffee Organization ICO first celebrated International Coffee Day in 2015 and chose October 1, considering that it falls between the coffee harvest seasons in different regions. How Much Caffeine Is in a Cup of Coffee According to Healthline, the amount of caffeine depends on the type of coffee consumed and the size of the cup. Below is a list showing the approximate caffeine content in each type of coffee drink: Brewed Coffee Drip: 95 to 200 mg of caffeine 8 oz 240 ml cup Espresso One Shot: About 127 mg of caffeine 2 oz 60 ml cup Instant Coffee: 4557.1 mg of caffeine 6 oz 180 ml cup Decaffeinated Coffee: 25 mg of caffeine 8 oz 240 ml cup How Many Cups of Coffee Per Day Are Safe According to medical staff, coffee is high in antioxidants, and studies show that it is good for your health, Healthline reported. However, drinking too much coffee can be harmful and is linked to anxiety, insomnia, heart problems, and fatigue. Studies have revealed that the recommended daily amount of caffeine should not exceed 400 mg. However, pregnant women and people with certain conditionssuch as heart problems or high blood pressureare advised to consume smaller amounts. Does Coffee Cause Dehydration Coffee contains caffeine, which can make you urinate slightly more. However, because coffee is mostly water, it compensates for this effect. Drinking a regular cup of coffee actually contributes to your daily fluid intake, Mayo Clinic reported. In addition, studies have shown that moderate coffee consumption about 34 cups per day does not lead to dehydration in healthy adults. What Are the Different Types of Coffee Worldwide, there are dozens of types of coffee, each with its own flavor, strength, and unique taste. Below are the most common: 1. Black Coffee No Milk Espresso Americano Turkish Coffee Drip Filter Coffee Cold Brew 2. EspressoBased Coffee With Milk or Foam Latte Cappuccino Flat White Macchiato Mocha 3. Iced or Cold Coffee Drinks Iced Coffee Iced Latte Frappé Frappe Affogato 4. Specialty Coffee Drinks Café au Lait: Brewed coffee and steamed milk Vienna Coffee: Espresso topped with whipped cream Irish Coffee: Made with Irish coffee, whiskey, sugar, and cream Where Can You Find the Worlds Most Expensive Cup of Coffee According to Khaleej Times, Roasters café in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, has earned a Guinness World Record for the most expensive cup of coffee worldwide, priced at Dh2,500 680. This cup of coffee is made using the exceptional Panama Hacienda La Esmeralda, one of the rarest coffees in the world. Read More World Heart Day: Why Heart Health Matters More Than Ever What Are the Symptoms of Heatstroke What Are the Different Types of Hepatitis